Growing olive trees in a temperature climate like Britain's

14th July, 2023

An iconic tree of the Mediterranean, it's also quite possible for Olive trees to grow successfully here in Britain (7 to 9b plant hardiness zones), or other places with similar temperate climates. They look great in Mediterranean themed gardens, or contemporary gardens. Here are some tips, top help ensure your olive tree thrives in a climate that is cooler than the climate in their native range.

1. Choose the right variety: Select olive tree varieties that are well-suited for temperate climates. Examples include Arbequina, Koroneiki, and Frantoio. 

2. Provide ample sunlight: Olive trees thrive in full sun exposure. Ensure they receive at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight each day. A south facing garden is perfect.

3. Soil quality: Olive trees prefer well-drained soil with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.5. If the soil in your area is not suitable, consider amending with compost or other organic matter. 

4. Watering: While olive trees are drought-tolerant, they still require regular watering, especially during the first few years. Water deeply, but infrequently, ensuring the soil remains moist but not waterlogged. 

5. Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the tree to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. 

6. Pruning: Regularly prune olive trees to remove dead wood, improve air circulation, and maintain a manageable size. Pruning is typically done in late winter or early spring. 

7. Fertilization: Olive trees have modest fertilizer requirements. Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring or use organic alternatives like compost or aged manure. 

8. Protect from freezing temperatures: During harsh winter weather, cover the roots and lower portion of the trunk with mulch or straw to protect the tree from frost. However, they can cop with freezing temperatures for periods of time that are typical in Britain

9. Pest and disease control: Monitor olive trees for common pests like olive fruit flies, scale insects, and fungal diseases such as olive knot. Treat infestations or diseases promptly with appropriate organic or chemical remedies. 

10. Harvesting: Olive trees typically start producing fruit after a few years. Harvest olives when they are fully mature and change color from green to dark purple or black. This usually occurs in late fall or early winter.