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Hawthorn

A broad spreading tree, that is a rich habitat and food source for wildlife.

Average height 4-16 metres tall

Deciduous, the tree blossoms small white flowers profusely in May and produces berries in Autumn.

Latin name; Crataegus monogyna

Distribution; Throughout the British Isles

The small red fruits are a rich food source for birds such as thrushes, waxwings and blackbirds. Each fruit has a seed which is dispersed by birds droppings. The fruits are known as ‘Haws’ hence the name Hawthorn, as the tree has sharp thorns along its branches.

Haws are also edible for humans. They can be used to make jam, syrups, puree etc

‘The Hethel Old Thorn’ is said to be the oldest Hawthorn in Britain. It is situated in Hethel churchyard in Norfolk. It is believed to be about 700 years old, planted in the century of the Black Death and Peasants Revolt.

Hawthorn has traditionally been used to decorate May Poles.

Witches used to perform their rites and spell under Hawthorns in days gone by, and it was often planted to ward off evil spirits. In Celtic mythology it was the tree that was most inhabited by fairies!

The tree provides food for over 150 types of insect species including hawthorn shield bugs, earwigs, common flower bugs, bumblebees, Devils’ coach horse, violet ground beetles and Harvestman. The flowers are pollinated by midges.

The crown of thorns worn by Jesus is reputed to have been made from Hawthorn branches. A famous Hawthorn known as the Glastonbury Thorn is believed to have sprouted from the staff of St Joseph of Arimathea, after he visited the Glastonbury area of South West England.

Traditional herbalists use Hawthorn as a remedy for heart problems and circulation.

The tree can also make a good hedge if trimmed. It is popular as a hedgerow plant for farmers as the thorns and dense branches make a good barrier for livestock.